Costs of War study: US aid to Israel totals about $33B since Oct 2023

A pair of academic reports released on the second anniversary of the October 7, 2023, attacks say the United States provided at least $21.7 billion in direct military assistance to Israel since the start of the Gaza war and spent an additional $9.7 billion to $12.1 billion on U.S. military operations across the Middle East linked to the conflict, bringing total U.S. expenditures tied to the campaign to roughly $31.3 billion to $33.8 billion. The reports, produced by the Costs of War project at Brown University, with one paper co-published by the Quincy Institute, draw on open-source government notifications and public data to account for weapons deliveries, financing channels and operational costs through September 2025.

The studies say the bulk of the $21.7 billion flowed through established channels such as Foreign Military Financing and direct foreign military sales, and that it does not include tens of billions of dollars in weapons sales agreements and pledged deliveries that will be paid for and delivered in future years. The reports catalog a range of equipment supplied or made available to Israel, including aircraft, helicopters, missiles and bombs, as well as small...