CDC Warns of Summer Surge in Rabies Exposures and Treatment Errors

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a health advisory on Thursday warning of a nationwide increase in human rabies exposures and post-exposure treatment this summer, urging clinicians to ensure proper administration of the lifesaving prophylaxis. The agency reported that from July through August 2026, it received 17 more rabies-related inquiries than during the same period in 2025. This increase was accompanied by a significant rise in the use of medical countermeasures. According to weekly pharmacy data through September 2, utilization of the two U.S.-licensed rabies vaccines increased by an estimated 33%, while use of human rabies immune globulin (HRIG) products rose by 76% compared to the same timeframe last year. At least eight state health departments have reported increased use of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), errors in its administration, or both since July. The CDC emphasized that while there is currently no shortage of vaccine or immune globulin, proper treatment is critical to avoid unnecessary costs, adverse effects, and strain on supplies. A typical course of PEP can cost between $11,000 and $14,000 per person.